Water-efficient landscaping uses simple, common sense gardening practices. Many of these principles have been used in traditional landscaping for years as separate or partially combined principles. The seven basic steps incorporate all of them into one holistic method resulting in a unique landscaping approach that combines all the necessary elements to achieve a water-conserving landscape.
1: Planning and Design.
The planning and design of your landscape is one of the most important steps. Whether you are starting from scratch or changing your existing landscape, begin by creating a plan. Your plan can range from a drawn sketch to a professional survey. A thoughtful design can allow you to install your landscape in phases and avoid costly mistakes. Be sure to include the location of existing structures, trees, shrubs, paths or walkways, and important views you want to keep (or eliminate), as well as the sun orientation and the direction of the wind.
Your yard is made up of numerous microclimates. A microclimate is the climate of a small area that is different from the areas around it. It may be wetter or drier, warmer or colder, or more or less prone to frost than other areas of your yard. Microclimates in your yard can be influenced by your house, balconies, rooftops, fences, walls, large rocks or trees, and paved surfaces. It is important to note these areas in your plan.
You may want to begin by dividing your yard into four different light exposures - north, south, east, and west. What kind of light is available during various parts of the day - bright sunlight, filtered sunlight or shade? Remember, morning sunlight is cooler than afternoon sunlight. You can then identify specific types of plants you want to incorporate into your landscape. For example, a shade tree planted in the southeast section of your property will provide cooling for your home and landscape.
By identifying and understanding microclimates, you have the ability to put the right plant in the right place, creating a healthier, water-efficient landscape. If you need help with your landscape layout, consult with a garden center or landscape professional. For more information, refer to the resource section of this guide.
